Certified Post Anesthesia Nurse (CPAN) Practice Exam

What vital sign change may indicate the onset of respiratory distress in a post-operative patient?

1. Decreased heart rate

2. Increased respiratory rate

3. Stable blood pressure

4. Regular pulse rhythm

The correct answer is: Increased respiratory rate

An increased respiratory rate is a significant vital sign change that can indicate the onset of respiratory distress in a post-operative patient. After surgery, patients may experience various complications, one of which includes difficulty in breathing. When a patient's body is not receiving adequate oxygen, or there is an increase in carbon dioxide levels, the respiratory rate typically increases as a compensatory mechanism. This physiological response is an attempt to improve oxygenation and eliminate carbon dioxide from the body. Monitoring respiratory rate in the post-operative setting is critical, as changes from the patient's baseline can serve as early indicators of respiratory issues. Recognizing and responding to these shifts promptly can be crucial for patient safety and timely intervention.